Globalization Why do so many girls still face FGM? It is usually performed in infancy or early childhood as a rite of passage but is performed on teens and adult women as well. Effects of FGM. Enforcement of laws regarding FGM is extremely lax in most countries or even non-existent. They provide figures on how widespread the practice of FGM/C is, when and how it is performed, and what women and men think about the practice. A serious blow to a historic case . Somalia. It all comes down to various upbringing, ethics, religious backgrounds, political alignments, and other attributes that play into forming opinions. While many people believe that it is a woman's right to choose whether or not she elects to have an abortion, others have religious, political, emotional, and personal morals that lead them to believe that having an abortion is wrong. 1998 Mar;(36):7. How many women think it should end: 33%. If FGM practices continue at recent levels, 68 million girls will be cut between 2015 and 2030 in 25 countries where FGM is routinely practiced and more recent data are available. For example, while FGM is practiced in Egypt, which is predominantly Muslim, it is not practiced in many other countries with predominantly Muslim … FGM is a violation of the human rights of girls and women. Around 1 in 3 adolescent girls (15-19 years) who have undergone FGM were cut by health personnel. WHO is opposed to all forms of FGM, and is opposed to health care providers performing FGM (medicalization of FGM). Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) means piercing, cutting, removing, or sewing closed all or part of a girl's or woman's external genitals for no medical reason. The trend toward medicalized FGM comes as opposition to the practice continues to grow. Trends in prevalence and attitudes are also presented. Other countries are far ahead of the U.S. in their data collection, prevention and training programs, health services to survivors, and public awareness of women and girls affected by or at risk of FGM. Population: 14.3 million. This map contains information about the prevalence rates and research in various countries across the world. Unicef said the picture was optimistic in some countries, with FGM prevalence rates declining by 41% in Liberia, 31% in Burkina Faso, 30% in Kenya and 27% in Egypt over the last 30 years. Abandoning FGM is possible. 1. They will bend over backwards to avoid the argument that FGM is rooted in Arab or Muslim cultures even though no one argues that FGM is exclusively an Arab or … In half of the countries, the majority of girls were cut before age 5. Types of FGM Female Genital ... it most commonly occurs between the ages of 0 to 15 years and the age is decreasing in some countries. My husband agrees with me. A key challenge is not only protecting girls who are currently at risk but also ensuring that those to be born in the future will be free from the dangers of the practice. Researchers estimate more than 513,000 girls and women in the U.S. have experienced or are at risk of FGM/C. FGM is usually performed by traditional practitioners using a sharp object such as a knife, a razor blade or broken glass. That’s because I’d seen photos and a video of a girl’s cutting. The following country-specific discussions bear this out. Immigration to Western countries where FGM is not traditionally practiced means health care providers have had to adapt to the harmful medical consequences of FGM. Prevalence: 98%. “M’Pène is 4 now, but we decided when she was born that we didn’t want her to be cut. It’s most prevalent in Djibouti, Egypt, Guinea, and Mali, where 90% or more of women aged 15 to 49 have been subjected to FGM. As many as 140 million women are estimated to have undergone FGM, and three million more girls and women are subjected to the procedure each year. Violation of the law is punishable by up to 5 years in prison, fines, or both. FGM is prevalent in about 28 African countries and among a few minority groups in Asia. #DYK The prevalence of #FGM varies widely across Africa - from as high as 98% (Somalia) & as low as 1% (Uganda). Prevalence varies significantly from one country to another. Burkina Faso. There is no exception for performing FGM/C because of tradition or culture. Click on a country with a circle to see more and remember you can scroll on the box when it opens. But in some countries it may be done by a medical professional. Furthermore, the cultural norms in these countries or regions often render women unwilling to step forward and discuss FGM (let alone seek protection or compensation under the law). In many countries, FGM is increasingly carried out by trained health care professionals – in violation of the Hippocratic Oath to “do no harm”. The rite is believed to have originated more than two thousand years ago in Egypt or the Horn of Africa (what is now Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Somalia). In many communities, FGM is considered an important rite of passage into womanhood: girls may be outcast socially if they refuse, including being unable to marry. FGM has lasting physical and mental consequences that need to be discussed so that girls and women no longer have to suffer in silence. Although FGM is illegal in Australia, Canada, the US, nine European nations, and 18 African countries, it’s widely practiced in 28 African nations and a few Asian countries. These are the eight countries where over 80% of women and girls aged 15 to 49 have undergone FGM, according a 2016 report by UNICEF. The DfE, DHSC and Home Office have identified higher rates of FGM in certain countries, which may put children from these communities at higher risk. Globally, it is estimated that some 200 million girls and women alive today have undergone some form of FGM. Since 1997, global efforts have led to 26 countries in Africa and the Middle East enacting legislation against FGM, while 33 other countries with migrant populations from nations where it is practiced have also followed suit. Many academics and NGO workers in the region find it objectionable to criticize the predominant Muslim or Arab cultures. Moreover, UNHCR estimates that every year for the past five years at least 20.000 women and girls asylum seekers coming to Europe might be affected by FGM. FGM is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. In some countries, FGM is a rite of passage, which marks a girl's transition to womanhood and her readiness to marry. Treatment of health complications of FGM in 27 high prevalence countries costs 1.4 billion USD per year. Girls today are less likely to undergo female genital mutilation than 30 years ago. In addition, there are many immigrant women in Europe, Canada, and the United States who have undergone Taboo—not social but political—is another factor undercutting research on FGM in Arab countries. The reasons given for FGM: culture and tradition Womens Health Newsl. You can also contact the NSPCC’s FGM helpline on 0800 028 3550 or email fgmhelp@nspcc.org.uk. Although FGM is recognised internationally as a violation of human rights, and is illegal in many countries, girls often aren’t aware of their rights, and/or do not know the practice is illegal. FGM often happens against a girl's will without her consent, and girls may have to be forcibly restrained. The reasons given for FGM: culture and tradition. However it continues to be practiced in many African and Middle Eastern countries as a means of controlling girls and women. PMID: 12222527 Abstract PIP: Many practitioners of female genital mutilation believe that the procedure is dictated by tradition and is necessary to ensure marriage because men refuse to marry intact women. UPDATE: We have added in the school holidays and term times in various countries. These statistical profiles present the latest available data on female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) for 30 countries where FMG/C is concentrated. 28 TOO MANY: THE LAW AND FGM 2 About 28 Too Many 28 Too Many is an international research organisation created to end female genital mutilation (FGM) in the 28 African countries where it is practised and in other countries across the world where members of those communities have migrated. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a practice that involves altering or injuring the female genitalia for non-medical reasons, and it is internationally recognized as a human rights violation. 1 Worldwide, as many as 140 million girls and women alive today have been cut. – In the absence of disaggregated data collected by the EU asylum authorities on the grounds for international protection in general, and FGM in particular, the last set of data seeks to provide estimates of the number of asylum claims on FGM grounds the top destination asylum countries may handle every year. The reasons given for FGM: culture and tradition. Answer: Female genital mutilation (FGM), also called female circumcision, is the ritualistic removal of all or part of a girl’s genitalia for non-medical reasons. In the rest of the countries, most cutting occurs between 5 and 14 years of age hoW Across a majority of countries, most daughters have had their genitalia cut, with some flesh removed By Whom In nearly all countries where FGM/C is concentrated, traditional practitioners perform Here’s what the judge’s ruling means for a practice that has been outlawed by more than 50 countries. 1. A list of these countries is provided in the multi-agency statutory guidance on female genital mutilation (DfE, DHSC and Home Office, 2020). It is against U.S. law to perform FGM/C on a girl under the age of 18, or to send or attempt to send her outside the United States so FGM/C can be performed. All types of FGM are illegal in the UK, and in many countries around the world – if you or someone else you know is at risk, it doesn’t matter which type it is, you should talk to an adult you trust, like a teacher or nurse, as soon as possible. Genital mutilation is practiced in 25 countries in central Africa, ranging from Somalia in the east coast and stretching westward to Senegal on the Atlantic. It is estimated that over 600.000 women are living with the consequences of FGM in Europe and that a further 190.000 girls and women are at risk of undergoing the harmful practice in 17 European countries alone. For example, the prevalence rate is 92% in Mali, compared to 28% in Senegal. The practice has been linked in some countries with rites of passage for women. How many asylum claims relate to FGM? Anaesthetics and antiseptics are not generally used, and FGM is often carried out using knives, scissors, scalpels, pieces of glass or razor blades. FGM is practiced in 31 countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. To see more and remember you can also contact the NSPCC ’ s ruling means for a practice has... 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