survivors would be of limited combat value. The attack broke the front ranks of the Austrians but stalled when the Austrian grenadiers counter-attacked and pushed Boudet's men back. However, at 9 AM In the meantime the French line was seriously threatened on both sides.
With the forward Austrian units having dissolved Austrian soldiers either fled for their lives or surrendered, and General Zach and several thousand Austrians found themselves surrounded and captured.To the north, Ott saw the main Austrian forces collapse, and instead of attempting to rescue them, withdrew his men and retreated in good order. The three main sites of the battle formed a triangle, with Marengo in the west, Castel Ceriolo in the north, and San Giuliano Vecchio in the east. Due to the wide plains of the terrain, the superior numbers of Austrian cavalry and artillery could exploit the terrain to give the Austrians a significant tactical advantage. Desaix pulled out his pocket watch and looked at the time. After cutting Melas’s line of communications by crossing the river Po and defeating Initially, their two assaults across the Fontanone stream near Desaix’s arrival around 5:30 pm stabilised the French position as the 9ème Légère (9th Light Infantry) delayed the Austrian advance down the main road and the rest of the army re-formed north of Cascina Grossa. The army of March 1800 was scarcely larger than at the conclusion of the 1799 campaign.In 1799 the 36,000 French troops in Italy were in a desperate state similar to that at the end of 1795. On the plain were spread numerous hamlets and farms which represented strategic points. However, large Austrian and Russian reinforcements soon arrived, causing the French to withdraw into Alessandria. The Austrians had lost heavily in the 12 hours of fighting: 15 colours, 40 guns, almost 8,000 taken prisoner, and 6,500 dead or wounded.Bonaparte needed to depart for Paris urgently and the next morning sent Berthier on a surprise visit to Austrian headquarters.Bonaparte's position as First Consul was strengthened by the successful outcome of the battle and the preceding campaign.A last-gasp victory in reality, Marengo was mythologised in an army bulletin and three increasingly glamourised "Official Reports" during Bonaparte's reign. More intelligence, most of it false from double agents and captured prisoners of war, confirmed that the Austrians were retreating.
This is exactly the place where there were the most of the fights between the French and Austrian armies. Re-enactments are also organised every year to commemorate the event.Shosenberg, James (June 2000). Melas, who was slightly wounded, and 71, handed over command to his chief-of-staff, General However, Desaix, in charge of the force Bonaparte had detached southwards, had hastened his advance and reached a small road junction north of Cascina Grossa (3 kilometers west of San Giuliano).The French were fast to bring up and deploy the fresh troops in front of San Giuliano, and the Austrians were slow to mount their attack.
Republican campaigns, the core of Bonaparte's reserve was 30,000 men, mostly from the Batavian Republic, who had been used under The Austrian troops advanced from Alessandria eastwards across the Bormida river by two bridges Gardanne's men gave a good account of themselves, holding up the Austrian deployment for a considerable time. Boudet and the 9ème Légère were quickly moved on to the exit from the main vine belt, where they surprised the head of Saint-Julien’s column. Long distances from the home bases, from which the regiments drew reinforcements, meant that troop transports had to endure miserable conditions, so only about 15 per cent reached the field army.
Following his meeting with the spy and fearing that the Austrian general might try to escape, Bonaparte spread his army out in a wide net by sending Torre Garofoli, Napoleon's headquarters before the battleThe battle took place to the east of Alessandria, on a plain crossed by a river forming meanders, the Bormida, over which the Austrians installed a bridgehead.
Desaix asked for artillery support of an attack led by his men, and Marmont's battery opened fire on the leading Austrian units, the first concentrated artillery barrage the Austrians had received all day. Re-energized, Boudet's men charged again, and at this moment an Austrian ammunition wagon in the rear exploded, sending a deafening roar over the battlefield and stunning the Austrians momentarily.
Meanwhile, after the arrival of Desaix, 6,000 men would reinforce Bonaparte's army.The 1799 campaign had exhausted the Austrian army in Italy, casualties and disease reducing some regiments to 300 men. "What do you think?" A At about 2:00 pm the French attacked Castel Ceriolo and delayed the advance of Schellenberg’s column by attacking its tail.The French fell back c. 3 km and attempted to regroup to hold the village of San Giuliano.
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